Answer
Based on official Jordanian legal texts
If the father resides outside Jordan, that does not change the default order of custody set by Article 170 of the Personal Status Law: the biological mother remains most entitled to custody of her child so long as she meets the custodian's conditions under Article 171.
The father's financial obligation continues despite residing abroad, since child support remains owed by him under Article 187, and he retains his guardianship over the child and his right to oversee his affairs under Article 184. Under Articles 181 and 182, the Sharia Court organizes the father's visitation and contact with his children in a way suited to the distance, such as modern means of communication and organized visits.
Where the matter involves the child traveling to visit his father abroad, Article 177 applies as to the guardian's consent or the court's permission and the necessary guarantees.
Organizing the details of custody and visitation in this situation remains within the court's competence according to the child's interest and the family's circumstances, and no arrangement is guaranteed uniformly.
This is a general explanation based on Jordanian Personal Status Law and does not replace advice from a qualified lawyer in a specific dispute.