Answer
Based on official Jordanian legal texts
Yes. A lineage claim can be filed after the father's death in Jordan. Lineage is the child's right and does not lapse with the death of the person to whom it attaches — and the claim matters even more here, because established lineage opens the child's right to inherit.
Against whom is the claim brought?
Against the deceased's heirs (the child's presumptive siblings, uncles, or whoever represents the estate), since they hold the opposing interest: an established lineage adds a new heir who shares the estate with them.
Evidence in this claim
- Witnesses to the marriage or to the marital life between the mother and the deceased.
- The deceased's acknowledgments during his life: people who heard him recognize the child, correspondence, photos, transfers, and his treating the child as his own.
- Birth documents and dates consistent with the period of the marriage.
- Medical expertise: DNA comparison with the deceased's relatives may arise; it is a delicate question entirely within the court's discretion and each case's circumstances.
Effect of the ruling on inheritance
A final ruling establishing lineage makes the child an heir like the other children: included in the estate inventory and entitled to the prescribed share. If the estate was already distributed, recovery and correction issues follow, assessed by the courts under the usual rules.
Practical advice
These cases are usually harder to prove and more adversarial than lineage claims during the father's life: the person whose acknowledgment matters is gone, and the opponents have a direct financial interest in denial. The quality of the file — witnesses, documents, and a coherent timeline — is everything; have it managed by a lawyer experienced in both lineage and inheritance.
This is a general answer based on available Jordanian legal sources and does not replace advice from a specialized lawyer in an actual dispute.